節能保溫建筑材料的應用
作者(zhe)：admin 瀏覽(lan)量(liang)：1763 來源：本站 時間：2020-11-14 21:21:04
信息摘要：
公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)題(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)內(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)題(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)內(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)題(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)內(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)題(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)內(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)題(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)內(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)題(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)內(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)題(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)內(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)題(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)內(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)題(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)內(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)題(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)內(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)題(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)內(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)題(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)內(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)題(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)內(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)題(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)內(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)題(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)內(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)題(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)內(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)題(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)內(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)題(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)內(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)題(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)內(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)題(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)內(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)題(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)內(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)題(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)內(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)題(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)內(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)題(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)內(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)題(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)內(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)
在建筑工程中，把用于控制室內熱量外流的材料稱為保溫材料，把防止室外熱量進入室內的材料稱為隔熱材料，兩種材料均利于節能，通稱為節能保溫建筑材料。
1. 節能保溫建筑材料的分類 目前在工業與建筑常用的保溫節能材料可分為無機類、有機類和復合材料三大類，按組成和狀態又可分為：
①無機纖維狀保溫材料：如巖棉、玻璃棉、礦渣棉。
②松散粒狀保溫材料：如膨脹蛭石及制品、膨脹珍珠巖及制品。
③無機多孔保溫材料：如泡沫水泥板、加氣混能吐、微孔硅酸鈣、復合硅酸鹽。
④有機保溫材料：各種聚苯板、聚碳酸酯、酚醛泡沫、軟木板、木絲板。
⑤復合保溫材料：如金屬夾芯板。
2 .節能保溫建筑材料的選材原則 節能保溫建筑材料的選材要遵循以下原則：
①使用溫度要適合。
②熱導率要低。
③物理化學性能穩定。
④耐用年限要長。
⑤對工程要求的適應性要廣。
⑥具有不燃性能。
⑦在滿足上述條件下，材料價格要低。
3. 節能保溫材料在建筑工程中的應用
a .節能保溫材料在墻體及圍護結構中的應用 在墻體方面，目前大部分使用的是空心磚，而且還在空隙中填加膨脹珍珠巖、散狀玻璃棉或散狀礦物棉等松散填充絕熱保溫材料，從而提高墻體保溫性能。在圍護結構方面，可以采用輕質高效玻璃棉、巖棉、泡沫塑料等保溫材料。
b. 節能保溫材料在屋頂上的應用 在天花板上面，可以鋪設玻璃棉或礦物棉氈、墊，或在此空間直接吹入松散的保溫棉，也可直接吊裝由玻璃棉或巖棉等保溫材料和裝飾貼面復合而成的天花板。
c. 節能保溫材料在地面中的應用 一般在建筑物的一樓地板下面填充高密度的保溫材料，如果有地下室，則在地下室的混凝土地坪和地基與土壤之間鋪設一定厚度的剛性和半剛性保溫材料。
d. 防空氣滲透技術在建筑中的應用 為了阻斷水蒸氣向墻體和屋頂的滲透而降低保溫材料功能，常對保溫層在取暖季節里溫度較高的一面復合一層塑料薄膜或金屬薄膜，也可在溫度較高的一面用塑料薄膜直接鋪設在已放置好的保溫材料上。
